FIDH (国际人权联盟)公开信关切台湾人权倒退
上周五FIDH （总部位于法国，一个近八十年历史，有一百多位组织型会员的人权团体）发了一封公开信给台湾的马英九和刘兆玄，已由法国总部传真到其办公室，并在其官网上公告。
(中译版)
致马英九总统、行政院长刘兆玄
针对中国特使陈云林访台期间，以和平手段抗议的公民，遭到限制人身自由与攻击一事，国际人权联盟(The International Federation for Human Rights, FIDH,位于法国)表达深切的关切。 FIDH相信这类以国家安全为由的逮捕与暴力行为，严重侵犯了人权。
据我们获得的消息，自2008年11月3日起，台北市布署了7000名以上的警力。 当局采取激烈措施，诸如没收或损坏私人财产，骚扰、攻击接近定义模糊的管制区的人民，高速公路车道强制净空，任意地搜索与逮捕，限制公民的行动自由等。 在陈云林访台期间，当局以维安为由进行了上述行为。
我们忧虑这类侵犯行为实际上的目的是为了压迫公民的言论自由。 这类对自由的限制前所未有，明显地超越了维安的界限。 例如，公民不得悬挂或携带贵国国旗，不得呼喊「台湾不是中国的一部分」等口号，不得携带摄影器材，不得播放当局认为不妥的音乐。
这些措施的目的，似乎是为了让政治异议噤声，而不是为了维安，如此作法公然违反贵国宪法第11条及第14条保障言论自由与国际人权标准的精神。 因此，FIDH要求贵国警政署与国安局，应根据宪法与法律，为其执法过当的行为负责。 司法院与监察院应即刻针对所有涉及侵害人权的案件，进行独立公正的调查，所有未依法善尽职守的官员应予究责。 对于执法过当者，特别是警政署与国安局，应根据贵国宪法第24条「凡公务员违法侵害人民之自由或权利者，除依法律受惩戒外，应负刑事及民事责任。被害人民就其所受损害，并得依法律向国家请求赔偿。」
FIDH特别呼吁贵国政府当局修改集会游行法：废除集会游行许可制，改采报备制以及废除特殊区域的限制，因为目前的集会游行法，给予政府当局过多限制人民集会和言论自由的裁量权。 另外，政府当局应废止戒严时期遗留下来的驱逐令以及特殊犯罪刑罚。 最后，台湾当局应建立警务人员执法条例，让警务人员在值勤时有清楚说明他/她们身份的义务，以确保其合法性与正当性。
阁下，本组织坚信台湾卓越的民主化成绩是整个亚洲的标竿。 因此表达本组织对于台湾人权等级下降警讯的严正关切，并且将其视为降低台湾民主及人权价值负向趋势的讯号。 望您仔细考量上述关切事项，
您诚挚的
Souhayr Belhassen
FDIH主席
20/11/2008
Taiwan
Deep concern regarding the detention and attacks against citizens protesting peacefully during the visit of Chinese envoy Mr. CHEN Yunlin
Open letter to
President Ma Ying-jeou
Premier Liu Chao-hsuan
Republic of China – Taiwan
Your Excellencies,
The International Federation for Human Rights (FIDH) is writing to you to express its deep concern regarding the detention and attacks against citizens protesting peacefully during the visit of Chinese envoy Mr. CHEN Yunlin. FIDH believes that such arrests and violence are grave violations of human rights, under the pretext of national security.
According to the information received, since November 3rd, 2008, the city of Taipei has been heavily occupied by more than 7000 police officers. The authorities have taken many drastic measures, including: confiscating and damaging private property, harassing and assaulting people who came too close to undefined or vaguely defined areas, clearing communal highway lanes with force, conducting random searches and arrests, and restricting the freedom of movement of citizens. These actions have been taken during Mr. CHEN’s visit, in the name of protecting security.
However, we fear these aggressions in fact aim at suppressing the right to freedom of expression of citizens. To supplement this violence, there are also unprecedented restrictions which clearly overpass the limits of ensuring security. For example, citizens have been restricted from displaying or carrying the national flag of Taiwan, forbidden to declare that “Taiwan is not part of China”, forbidden from carrying filming devices, and restricted from playing any music the authorities consider inappropriate.
These measures seem to be aimed at silencing political opinions rather than protecting security, and thus they blatantly violate the Constitution of Taiwan, notably Articles 11 and 14 which protect freedom of expression and international human rights standards. Consequently, FIDH requests that the National Police Agency and National Security Bureau, bound by the Constitution and the national legislation, should be held responsible for violating their legal obligations. The Judicial Yuan and Control Yuan should immediately conduct independent and impartial investigations into all allegations of human rights violations and hold all personnel in office accountable for neglecting their civil and legal obligations, in line with the Judicial Yuan’s recent statement that “it is very important to form an objective and solid review standard, and make the constitutional reviews more predictable and trust-worthy to people”. Those who perpetrated these violations, particularly in the National Police Agency and National Security Bureau, must be held accountable, in accordance with Article 24 of the Constitution of Taiwan, which stipulates that “Any public employee who, in violation of law, infringes upon the freedom or right of any person shall, in addition to being subject to disciplinary punishment in accordance with law, be liable to criminal and civil action. The victim may, in accordance with law, claim damages from the State for any injury sustained therefrom.”
More generally, FIDH calls upon the government to amend the Parade and Assembly Law, in particular : to abolish the requirement for mandatory permits and adopt the system of voluntary basis and the clause on special area of restriction, which gives too much discretion to the authority to restrict people’s freedom of association and freedom of expression. In addition the authorities should abolish the order to dismiss as well as the provisions on special criminal punishment, which is a legacy of the martial law era. Finally, Taiwan should establish the protocol for law enforcement personnel who should have the obligation to clearly announce his or her identity when on duty, to ensure legitimacy and accountability.
Your Excellencies,
Our Organization firmly believes that the fruit of Taiwan’s remarkable democratization has landmark significance to the Asian continent as a whole. We therefore express our serious concern over the alarming human rights degradation in Taiwan, and we do take it as a signal of a negative trend undermining the values of democracy and human rights on which Taiwan should be based. Hoping that you will take into consideration the above mentioned concerns, I remain,
Yours sincerely,
Souhayr Belhassen
FIDH President
